Some eagle-eyed readers let me know late last night that WaMu/Chase quietly made a change to their offered interest rates. Their online savings account is now at 3% APY when attached to their free checking, down from 4%. Not too bad, but no longer the highest yield for a no-minimum-balance savings account.

They also lowered the rates on their online CDs, with the 8-month, 12-month, and 13-month CDs all at 3% APY. It looks like those that opened up one of their 5% APY CDs late last week just got in under the gun. My 12-month CD was successfully funded yesterday, and today I see my 5% APY rate shown online. All signs seem to suggest that Chase will honor these CD contracts. Hurray for small victories 🙂 , I hope everyone who wanted in on these got their application in on time.

Options?
Given these actions, it might be time to move banks soon… now to investigate other attractive all-in-one Checking/Savings combos. Here are some possibilities:

Everbank has their FreeNet checking account with a 1.10% bonus rate for the first 6 months, and then 0.70%-0.86% APY afterwards depending on balance. No minimum balance, but you need $1,500 for free billpay. $6 in free ATM fee rebates each month.

Combine this with Everbank’s Yield Pledge money market account, which also has a 1.10% bonus rate for the first 6 months, and then 0.86% APY afterwards. This account “pledges” to stay amongst the top 5% of competitive banks, and there is a minimum balance requirement of $1,500 to avoid fees.

Fidelity has their mySmart Cash account. It is kind of a checking account/brokerage account hybrid where you can basically use their money market funds (non-FDIC-insured) as the main holding place on your cash for higher yields. You can choose from taxable to tax-exempt money market funds with competitive yields. Their main checking account is FDIC-insured, and is currently earning 1.50% APY. No minimum balance, and you get unlimited ATM fee reimbursements.

Washington Mutual was taken over by the FDIC today (Thursday). But for most account holders, there is no reason to panic.

All deposits, even those over $100,000 FDIC limits, will be taken over by JPM Chase, and are still safe. From the WSJ:

While the exact structure of the transaction wasn’t immediately known, J.P. Morgan is expected to acquire Washington Mutual’s deposits and branches, as well as other operations. The deal isn’t expected to result in any hit to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.’s bank-insurance fund, according to a person familiar with the arrangement. […]

Under the deal, New York-based J.P. Morgan, which has long coveted WaMu as a way to secure a footprint on the West Coast, will assume most of the thrift’s deposits and branches, as well as some other operations.

There will be no interruption in services. Bill payments will go through, checks will clear, direct deposits will arrive, your account number stays the same, the website still works, branches will still open on Friday. From CNN:

“For bank customers, it will be a seamless transition,” said FDIC Chairman Sheila Bair. “There will be no interruption in services and bank customers should expect business as usual come Friday morning,”

Shareholders get nothing. Well, not like they had much hope anyways with the stock at less than $2 per share. I hope this is another wake up call for those that still think it’s a good idea to keep a large portion of their portfolio in their company’s stock. I don’t care if you work for GM, IBM, or Microsoft. Shares of any single company always have some risk of becoming worthless.

More details to come…
They haven’t released the official press release yet. It will be interesting to see how the interest rates will change, and if they will choose to honor outstanding CDs. Chase Bank doesn’t have the same products as WaMu did, but IndyMac still honored their existing CDs. Maybe it’s time to apply for one now? WaMu is still advertising everything like their 4% APY savings as before on their website.

Anyways, don’t panic, okay? My local branch is crowded enough as it is. I don’t need a line around the block of nervous people clamoring for their money in small bills. 😉

Update: Here is a preliminary welcome page from Chase. Nothing too much new there, no mention of interest rates changing. Still offering the same 4% APY savings and 5% CDs on the website.

Update 2: Here is the official page from FDIC.

Will I continue to earn interest at the same rate?
All interest on deposits accrued through September 25, 2008, will be paid at your same rate. JPMorgan Chase Bank will be reviewing rates and will provide further information soon.

Update 3: They updated and changed the FDIC page!. It now states:

Will I continue to earn interest at the same rate?
JPMorgan Chase accepted Washington Mutual’s interest bearing accounts including CD’s at the contract rate; therefore, they are not waiving early withdrawal penalties.

Accordingly, the 5% APY CDs should stay valid.

While logging on to my WaMu account I noticed (as did reader Alvin) that the WaMu savings account* is now paying 3.75% APY as of 7/31. Some pages still say 3.30%, but my account details confirm the 3.75% APY. (Login and click on “About this account”.) Or, click here and hit Apply Today, and you should see this:

Of course, if you read the news, you’ll know that Washington Mutual stock is being battered right now. Is this move a sign of desperation? If so, is this rate increase good news or bad news?

It’s All About The FDIC Limits
Well, if you have money over the FDIC insurance limits of $100,000 per titled account, I strongly suggest you stop reading right now and spread it out immediately. Your money is at risk. Here are some good options.

If you are under the limits, then your money is safe. The main things left to worry about are (1) easy access to money, (2) crediting of current interest earned, and (3) future interest rates. But hey, we already have two examples of struggling banks that give us an idea of what we might be in store for.

IndyMac Bank CD Example (FDIC takeover)
I believe that IndyMac failed on a Friday, and branches were closed that day. Over the weekend, branches were closed and the website was down. ATMs and debit cards still worked. By Monday, all the branches were open and the website was back up. Direct deposits, electronic transfers, and written checks went through uninterrupted.

All interest earned in accounts (under the limits) was still credited. Before the failure, IndyMac Bank also had some high interest rates on certificates of deposit (CDs). Upon takeover by the FDIC, an ideal scenario actually happened. For one, you had the option to withdraw your money from a CD with no early withdrawal penalty. Or, if you liked the rate, your CDs could continue to earn the same interest until maturity. This is an even better deal than if IndyMac stayed intact.

Countrywide Example (Bought by Bank of America)
Another struggling bank, this time merged with another existing bank. Currently they are still separate websites, with their own interest rates and products. Nothing really changed from the customer’s point of view. There was no downtime, or lost liquidity. You use the same checks, same debit cards, same website. CD rates and other terms remained the same. A slight bonus was that Countrywide customers could now withdraw money from Bank of America ATMs with no fees. [Merger Info]

So, Will WaMu Fail?
I have no clue. My PTI-style Toss-Up Percentage: 25% Fail, 75% No Fail. But even if it does, given it’s size, I can’t see it disappearing overnight like a small local bank might. It would have to be taken over by another (probably large) bank. In addition, there are so many moving parts that it will probably keeping run as-is for several months even if it does get taken over.

Taking all this into account, I will be sticking with Washington Mutual and happily take the increased interest rate.

* Reminder: This 3.75% rate is only available if you apply online and open a Free Checking account at the same time. If you go into a physical branch, they will deny deny deny! However, after opening you can use it at a branch just like any other savings account. More details.

I am currently out of VirtualBank referrals to give out to people. (Both referrer and referrer get $20 if you open an account.) As such, I am looking for a loyal and participating reader of My Money Blog to give out their referrals and make some easy money. If you have (1) made at least 3 comments here before today with the same working e-mail address (I will run a search), (2) have a VirtualBank account with available referrals, and (3) can make a promise to deliver referrals promptly, please contact me or leave a comment using the e-mail. I think I have enough for a while, thanks! I do not want anything in return. First come, first served. Thanks!

I’ve had a lot of questions about FDIC insurance recently (for obvious reasons), and have been getting a good share via e-mail as well. Took some research to find all the answers, but here they are:

Will multiple accounts at the same bank, like having both a checking and savings account, increase my coverage limits?
Depends. It’s how the account ownership is titled that matters. If it is an individual account, then you get $100,000 per individual at that bank, no matter how many different accounts you open up. To get more coverage, you could open up an account at another bank. However, if you open up a joint account with someone else that can increase your limits.

How much FDIC coverage can a couple get at one bank?
If structured properly, a couple such as a husband and wife can shield up to $400,000 at one single bank without involving legal trust vehicles. In addition to the $100,000 per individual account, if two people open a joint account then each will have up $100,000 in coverage ($200,000 total for the account) [Source]. If you throw in revocable trust accounts, a couple can theoretically shield up to $600,000 at one institution:

Are business bank accounts covered by FDIC insurance?
Yes, but you have to be careful. Since legally there is no difference between a sole proprietorship and an individual, one cannot gain more coverage at a single bank by opening a “business” account when you are a sole proprietorship. The business account would still fall under the $100,000 individual cap. However, in the case of partnerships, corporations, and LLCs, because these are separate legal entities, they do get a separate $100,000 per entity.

The deposit accounts of a corporation, partnership or unincorporated association are insured up to $100,000 provided the corporation, partnership or unincorporated association is engaged in an “independent activity.” The term independent activity means that the entity is operated primarily for some purpose other than to increase deposit insurance coverage. [Source]

Where would you put $1,000,000 in cash if you had to? Spread across 10 banks (or more to cover accrued interest)?
First of all, there are very few scenarios where I’d want $1,000,000 sitting around in cash. I’d probably choose to take more risk with it. But I really don’t think I’d bother with 10+ banks. Most likely, I would place it in a retail money market fund at a reputable firm, like the Vanguard Prime Money Market Fund. That way, even if Vanguard goes bankrupt, this will not affect the underlying conservative investments. A retail money market fund has never “broken the buck”. Alternatively, I would buy traditional US Treasury Bonds or TIPS either directly or through a Treasury money market fund.

What about the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS)?
Another way to increase FDIC insurance are services like that of CDARS.com. Essentially, they spread your large deposits into $100k chunks across a network of banks, but without any effort on your part. From their website:

In general, the FDIC insures up to $100,000 per customer per financial institution. So, you could run around to many institutions to deposit your funds to receive the same coverage you get using CDARS. Or you can place your large-dollar deposit with a network member. The member bank breaks your funds into smaller amounts and places them with other banks that are members of a special network. Then, those member banks issue CDs in the amounts under $100,000, so that your entire deposit is eligible for FDIC insurance. By working with one member bank, you can receive insurance from many.

According to this Bankrate article, due to the added costs of this system CDARS rates are usually about 0.15% lower than the “normal” CDs from the network banks. Also, the network banks seem to be smaller local banks, which may not offer the most aggressive rates in the first place.

Am I worried about my money at Washington Mutual?
Not really. WaMu is much better financially than IndyMac was. But again, due to the realities of fractional-reserve banking, if people panic and start pulling out tons of money from WaMu, then they can still fail due to liquidity issues. I am not going to be one of those people. If it fails, it fails. Most banks on the FDIC “problem list” do not fail. I have faith in the FDIC process, and I still have much less than $100,000 in my accounts. Finally, I never keep all my funds in any one bank. I can still run my day-to-day cashflow needs from other banks.

Well, it finally happened. IndyMac Bank has been taken over by the FDIC, becoming the second-largest financial institution failure in U.S. history. I’ve been reading a bunch of new stories about it, and here are what I think are the highlights:

Customers: Don’t Panic!
Most people with regular checking or savings accounts don’t have too much to worry about. The FDIC has set up this official information page for customers. You can still use ATMs. Checks you write will still be processed. Electronic deposits and withdrawals will still go through. Online banking, phone banking and even the physical branches will re-open on Monday. You won’t even lose past interest:

All interest accrued through Friday, will be paid at your same rate. IndyMac Federal Bank will be reviewing rates and will provide further information soon. You will be notified of any changes.

From the LA Business Journal:

The Office of Thrift Supervision transferred control of the company to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. The FDIC said it will transfer insured deposits and assets of IndyMac Bank to a new federally operated institution called IndyMac Federal Bank that will open Monday. […] Regulators said that customers of IndyMac will have uninterrupted access to their accounts beginning next week at the bank’s 33 branches.

This is consistent with when I explored What happens if my bank fails? The FDIC seems to do a pretty good job of cleaning things up.

…Unless you exceeded the FDIC insurance limits

Customers are insured 100 percent for deposits up to $100,000. The FDIC said the bank has about $1 billion of “potentially uninsured deposits” held by 10,000 depositors. The FDIC said it will begin contacting uninsured customers on July 14. The agency said it plans to give customers with more than $100,000 at least 50 percent of their uninsured deposit amounts.

Wade Francis, president of Long Beach-based Unicon Financial Services, said there is “very little” chance that uninsured depositors will get all their money back because IndyMac had a large number of home loans, which will be difficult to sell off.

It boggles the mind that so many of the very same people who have enough money to exceed FDIC limits in the first place, don’t bother protecting it properly. The whole point of keeping money in banks is so that it is safe… Instead, people are getting 50% and go home and pray to see the rest again. Ouch.

Ouch For the FDIC, Too
From the LA Times:

Federal authorities estimated that the takeover of IndyMac, which had $32 billion in assets, would cost the FDIC $4 billion to $8 billion. […] The agency’s insurance fund has assets of about $52 billion.

That’s a big chunk of the FDIC’s own “emergency fund”…

Reality vs. Perception of Reality
There is a great quote from the 1992 movie Sneakers:

Cosmo: Posit: People think a bank might be financially shaky.
Martin Bishop: Consequence: People start to withdraw their money.
Cosmo: Result: Pretty soon it is financially shaky.
Martin Bishop: Conclusion: You can make banks fail.
Cosmo: Bzzt. I’ve already done that. Maybe you’ve heard about a few? Think bigger.
Martin Bishop: Stock market?
Cosmo: Yes.
Martin Bishop: Currency market?
Cosmo: Yes.
Martin Bishop: Commodities market?
Cosmo: Yes.
Martin Bishop: Small countries?

This is basically what happened to IndyMac bank. From CNN:

The banking regulator said it closed IndyMac after customers began a run on the lender following the [very public!] June 26 release of a letter by Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., urging several bank regulatory agencies that they take steps to prevent IndyMac’s collapse. In the 11 days that followed the letter’s release, depositors took out more than $1.3 billion, regulators said.